More commonly known as Colosseum the Flavian Amphitheatre, symbol of the splendor of the roman empire, is the most famous monument in Rome and largest brick amphitheater in the world. Until the end of the ancient period, it was used to present spectacles of great popular appeal, such as animal hunts and gladiatorial games.  Following the death of Nero (68 AD), between the end of 70 and 71 A.D. the construction of the Colosseum began under the emperor Titus Flavius Vespasian.